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Haemato-Oncology

Haematology-oncology refers to the combined medical practice of haematology (blood physiology) and oncology (cancer). This type of medicine diagnoses and treats cancerous blood disorders and cancers, manages symptoms of these diseases.

The three main types of blood cancer are leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma.

Leukemia is blood cancer that originates in the blood and bone marrow. It occurs when the body creates too many abnormal white blood cells and interferes with the bone marrow’s ability to produce red blood cells and platelets.

Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma is blood cancer that develops in the lymphatic system from cells called lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight infections

Hodgkin lymphoma is a blood cancer that develops in the lymphatic system from cells called lymphocytes. Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by the presence of an abnormal lymphocyte called the Reed-Stenberg cell.

Multiple myeloma is a blood cancer that begins in the blood’s plasma cells, a type of white blood cell made in the bone marrow.

Treatment for blood cancer depends on type of cancer, age and how fast the cancer is progressing. Some common blood cancer treatments include:

  • Stem cell transplantation: A stem cell transplant infuses healthy blood-forming stem cells into the body. Stem cells maybe collected from the bone marrow, circulating blood and umbilical cord.
  • Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs to interfere with and stop the growth of cancer cells in the body. Chemotherapy for blood cancers sometimes involves giving several drugs together in a set regimen. This treatment may also be given before a stem cell transplant.
  • Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used to destroy cancer cells or to relieve pain or discomfort. It may also be given before a stem cell transplant.